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981.
982.
983.
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a destructive disease of wheat worldwide. Sources of resistance to FHB are limited in wheat. Search for novel sources of effective resistance to this disease has been an urgent need in wheat breeding. Fusarium head blight resistance has been identified in relatives of wheat. Alien chromatin carrying FHB resistance genes has been incorporated into wheat through chromosome addition, substitution, and translocation. Relatives of wheat demonstrate a great potential to enhance resistance of wheat to FHB. 相似文献
984.
Ricardo Tadeu de Faria Deonisio Destro João Carlos Bespalhok Filho Rolf Dieter Illg 《Euphytica》2002,124(1):59-63
The goal of this research was to study the introgression of the high regeneration capacity of Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium Mill line WV-700, in recalcitrant tomato cultivars (L. esculentum Mill cvs. Petomech, Santa Rita and VFN-8) using backcrossing. Hypocotyl explants of in vitro germinated seeds were cultivated in half strength MS medium supplemented with 5mg/l 6-BA to assess their shoot regeneration
capacity. The apical shoot of the in vitro germinated seeds were cultured on a separate medium. Apical shoots from genotypes showing high regeneration rates were acclimated
in a glasshouse and used as pollen donors for the next backcrossing. After four backcrossings, the material showed a similar
mean fruit weight for the cultivated tomato and a high regeneration capacity similar to the wild species. It is shown that
L. pimpinellifolium can be used with success as donor parent to introgress in vitro regeneration capacity to recalcitrant tomato cultivars.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
985.
Genetic variation for morphology and grain yield components was studied in the F2 and 14 F3 families of an interspecific cross of Setaria italica (foxtail millet) with S. viridis s. s. (green foxtail). It appeared possible to recover the cultivated type using a simple selection procedure in F2 and F3. Comparison with a cross involving S. viridis var. major (giant green foxtail) is discussed. 相似文献
986.
Summary Seeds of early generations of three reciprocal congruity-backcross (CBC) pedigrees, developed by backcrossing Phaseolus vulgaris-P. acutifolius hybrids to each of the parent species in alternate generations, exhibited a preponderance of traits (size, shape, color, and pattern) of the cytoplasmic parent. The large size of Red Cloud (V1), the P. vulgaris parent common to all of the pedigrees, dominated pedigrees with V1 as the cytoplasmic parent, while the small size and rounded or square shapes of the tepary parents, wild P. acutifolius var. acutifolius PI 263590 or G400445 (A19), wild P. acutifolius var. latifolius PI 406622 (A10), or cultivated P. acutifolius var. latifolius Serowi PI 319443 (A9), were the majority phenotypes when P. acutifolius was the cytoplasmic parent. Continuing through the second cycle of CBC, that is the second backcross with each of the parent species or the fourth backcross, began an amelioration of the apparent cytoplasmic effect on gene expression, as reciprocal pedigrees became more alike, usually with intermediate expression of parental traits or the appearance of new traits. The large seed size of V1 was recovered in hybrids with P. acutifolius cytoplasm and the kidney shape of V1 became rare in hybrids with P. vulgaris cytoplasm. Although the tepary-bean parents represented two subspecies and both cultivated and wild P. acutifolius, the three sets of reciprocal-hybrid pedigrees with P. vulgaris Red Cloud are surprisingly similar. It may be that the exotic parent used to develop a CBC pedigree should be selected more for combining ability in the interspecific cross than for specific economic traits. While the number of generations (six or more) required to produce fertile, intermediate CBC hybrids (that did not require embryo rescue) may preclude routine use of this method by practical plant breeders, the crossability of advanced hybrids with both parental species and the amount of variability apparent in advanced-hybrids progenies suggests that CBC would be valuable for maintaining exotic germplasm in immediately useful forms. 相似文献
987.
988.
Summary The production, vigour, and fertility of F1 hybrids between nine African species of the genus Cucumis L. were studied as a measure of the relationships between the species. Hybrid plants were obtained from 29 out of the 72 possible cross combinations. Two F1 hybrids died as seedlings, and 27 hybrids were raised to maturity. Pollen production and stainability varied greatly amongst these hybrids, as did fruit and seed set following self pollination and backcrossing with either parental species. The fruit shape of the hybrids was always intermediate between that of both parental species.Two species appeared to be closely related: C. prophetarum L. and C. anguria var. longipes
A. Meeuse. Most other species produced highly to moderately fertile F1 hybrids with at least one other species. C. metuliferus
Naud. produced only sterile hybrids with C. zeyheri
Sond. 2x. The results sustain the recent taxonomic classification of the genus (Jeffrey, 1980). 相似文献
989.
Summary Eight Hordeum bulbosum selections were produced from a cross between Cb 2920/4 and Cb 2929/1, two genotypes widely used in doubled haploid breeding programmes. The selections were hybridized with barley to evaluate their ability to produce high proportions of well-differentiated haploid embryos compared with Cb 2929/1 as control. We report here an initial small-scale investigation followed by a larger-scale test in two different environments to assess seed setting, haploid embryo differentiation rates and VB hybrid formation. These VB embryos contain both parental sets of chromosomes and occur more frequently in the glasshouse during the winter. Two of the eight selections were identified as combining the desirable characteristics of both parents, namely high seed setting on cv. Vada which is partially incompatible with H. bulbosum, large numbers of well-differentiated haploid embryos and a low incidence of VB hybrids. The selections are available for release to interested research workers and plant breedersAbbreviations DH
doubled haploid
- VB
a hybrid from H. vulgare x H. bulbosum which contains both parental sets of chromosomes 相似文献
990.
Summary A method for comparing locations as selection sites based upon their abilities to predict yield and disease reaction over a target region is proposed. The probability of coincidence in selection for a site is defined as the probability for a line selected at the site to be selected at other sites within the region. The probability of divergence in rejection is defined as that associated with regional selection of a line given that is discarded by the site where selection is being conducted. The ideal selection site would maximize the probability of coincidence in selection and minimize the probability of divergence in rejection. The method is illustrated using a set of data from the rice yield nurseries of the International Rice Testing Program for Latin America planted under the rainfed conditions of Central América and México during the period 1978–1984. Five locations were compared for their predictive ability in selecting for the rainfed rice growing region, based on yield and disease reaction. Selection for yield was defined as performance superior to the best check in each location. Selection for disease reaction was based on an index derived from the Standard Evaluation System for Rice for diseases of regional importance. Locations varies 10–15 percent in their selection coincidence with the region for both yield and disease selection criteria applied independently. 相似文献